The Love Parade (German: Loveparade) is a popular Electronic dance music festival and parade that originated in 1989 in Berlin, Germany. It was held in Germany annually between 1989 and 2003, and then from 2006 to 2008. The 2004 and 2005 editions in Berlin and the 2009 edition in Bochum [1] were cancelled.
Internationally, spin-off Love Parades have occurred in Zurich, San Francisco, Mexico City, Acapulco, Geneva, Vienna, Cape Town, Tel Aviv, Leeds, Sydney, Santiago, Caracas, Rio de Janeiro, Oslo, Budapest.
On 24 July 2010 at least 18 people were killed when panic broke out in a tunnel at the Love Parade, with at least 100 others injured.[2][3][4]
Contents |
History
The Love Parade has its roots in the spirit of a changing Europe. In 1989, it was first celebrated four months before the demolition of the Berlin Wall. It was started by the Berlin Underground under the initiative of Matthias Roeingh aka "Dr Motte" and his then girlfriend Danielle de Picciotto. It was held as a political demonstration for peace and international understanding through love and Music.Until 1996, the parade was held on the famous Berlin "Kurfürstendamm". Since by then, not only the Kurfürstendamm was overcrowded but the streets and even railway tracks near the Ku'damm too, the parade moved to the "Straße des 17. Juni" which is near the Tiergarten Park in the center of Berlin by the Brandenburg Gate and provided plenty of space. The center of the parade is the Siegessäule in the middle of the park, and the golden angel on top of the column has become a symbol of the parade.
Many people from Germany and abroad travel to Berlin to take part in the Parade—over a million attended in the years 1997 through 2000 and 800,000 in 2001. Attendance at the 2001 festival was significantly lower because the date of the parade was changed with little advance notice. 2002 and 2003 also saw lower figures, and in 2004 and 2005 the parade was canceled due to funding difficulties. 2004 did however host a scaled-down version which served more as a mini-protest, and was promoted with the title 'Love Weekend'. Dozens of clubs promoted the weekend-long event all over the city, with various clubs staying open for 3 days straight without closing. In 2006, the parade made a comeback with the help of German exercise studio McFit.
The Love Parade 2007 was planned for July 7, 2007 in Berlin. However, the Berlin event was cancelled in February as the Senate of Berlin had not issued the necessary permissions at that time. After negotiations with several German cities, on July 21, it was announced that the Love Parade would move to the Ruhr Area for the next five years. The first event took place in Essen on August 25. The Parade in Essen saw 1.2 million visitors in comparison to the 500,000 who attended the 2006 parade in Berlin.
In 2008, the festival took place in Dortmund on July 19 on the Bundesstraße 1 under the motto Highway of Love. The event was planned as a "Love Weekend", with parties throughout the region. For the first time the Turkish electronic scene was represented by an own float "Turkish Delights (music project)". The official estimate is that 1.6 million visitors attended, which makes it the largest Loveparade to date.[5]
The next parades are planned to take place in Bochum, Gelsenkirchen and Duisburg.
The music played at the events is predominantly electronic dance music: in this case mainly Trance, House, Techno, and Schranz music. Attempts to introduce other music styles, such as hip hop, have failed. Hardcore and Gabber music were part of the parade in early years, but were later removed. They are now celebrated separately on a counter-demonstration called "Fuckparade".
The love parade is seen to be louder and more crowded than most concerts. With its water-cooled sound systems on every truck, the parade produces an extremely loud sound floor.[citation needed] The parade consists of the sound trucks that usually feature local, or important, clubs and their DJs. It has become a rule that only trucks that have sponsors from a techno related field, such as clubs, labels or stores, are allowed, but advertising space was increased after the 2006 event to offset the high costs of equipping a truck. The trucks are usually open on top and feature dancers, with box-systems mounted on the side or rear.
Love Parade is a place where some exhibit and enjoy other people's exhibitionist tendencies.[citation needed] Some attendees enjoy carrying around toys such as pacifiers or face masks. Often the crowd is imaginative in terms of clothing (or lack thereof) and appearance.
One famous picture from the Love Parade is people sitting and dancing on streetlamps, trees, commercial signs, telephone booths, which gave the event's nickname "the greatest amateur circus on earth".
The Love Parade has been quite peaceful for event of its size, seeing few arrests. In 2008, for example, charges were pressed for 6 robberies, 3 sexually-related offences, 40 thefts. 23 participants were caught with drugs and 49 were charged with bodily harm. 177 Love Parade visitors were provisionally arrested by the police.[6] Arrests are usually related to drug crimes and most other incidents feature mostly people passing out due to dehydration or hyperthermia. In 2000, after the parade, a girl under the influence of ecstasy was run over by an S-Bahn after she had been leaning on the door too hard.
The finale of the demonstration is by the so-called "Abschlusskundgebung" which are half-hour sets of the world's leading top DJs such as DJ Tiesto, Paul Van Dyk, Carl Cox, Armin Van Buuren, DJ Rush, DJ Hell, Westbam, Drum Connection, Miss Djax, Marusha or Chris Liebing. During this time all trucks (usually about 40) are connected to each other and set online to the statue of victory where the turntables are. This is one of the few chances a DJ can ever have to play for a crowd of about one million people.
At the weekend of the Love Parade many clubs hold special events and parties and book well-known DJs for this occasion. Parties range from clubs with a hundred mostly exclusive guests, to almost raves with several floors and ten thousand dancers. Many people used to come to Berlin only for the parties and miss the parade in order to sleep.[citation needed] Or they enjoy it with other "ravers" in the park right next to the parade route.
Together with Mayday, Nature One the Love Parade is one of the oldest and largest Festivals of Electronic music
In 2010, at the Love Parade in Duisburg, Germany, 18 people were killed in an overcrowded tunnel leading into the festival. The number of people attending reached 1.4 million, when the original expectation was around 800,000.
Love Parade International
There are similar festivals in other cities like Zürich's Street Parade,Geneva's Lake Parade, Rotterdam's FFFW Dance Parade and Love Parades in Vienna. In 1997 a Love Parade was held in Sydney, Australia. Unlike its overseas counterparts, however, it was a smaller "rave party" version of the festival, held at the infamous Graffiti Hall of Fame in Redfern. On Saturday 8th July, 2000 a Love Parade was held in Roundhay Park, Leeds, United Kingdom sponsored by BBC Radio 1. In 2001, the official UK parade had moved to Newcastle upon Tyne but was cancelled after the police refused a license: BBC Radio 1 still hosted a more contained event, however. Since then no Love Parade had occurred in the United Kingdom.Legal issues
Under German law the state has to pay for security during political demonstrations as well as cleaning up the streets after the demonstration. In the case of a commercial event however, the organizer must cover these expenses. For a large event like the Love Parade the costs are quite high: an estimated €300,000 to €400,000.The Love Parade was initially held as a "political demonstration" to save costs; however it is organized by two companies set up just for the Love Parade. The name of the demonstration, Love Parade, is a registered trademark and the organizing companies have been busy getting license fees for the use of their name. This not only included merchandise and CDs but also fees for participating clubs, vendors of soft drinks and the like along the streets and even broadcasting fees for the TV stations MTV and Germany's counterpart, VIVA, along with, for the first time, Germany's RTL 2. Love Parade 2006 was the first time in that Berlin's RBB did not broadcast direct from the Siegessäule.
Due to this there was a dispute between the organizers and the city of Berlin every year about the status of the Love Parade and who should bear what costs. Finally in 2001, the courts ruled that the Love Parade had to be held as commercial event. In 2004, the organizers claimed they do not have the necessary funds anymore to host it again. Since there are numerous other Love Parade-like but commercial events in Germany, there are speculations that the funding is not, or at least is not the only reason, for the cancellation, the other being the fast dropping number of participants.
Anthems
Every German parade has had its own anthem.| Year | Artist | Title |
|---|---|---|
| 1997 | Dr. Motte and WestBam | Sunshine |
| 1998 | Dr. Motte and WestBam | One World One Future |
| 1999 | Dr. Motte and WestBam | Music Is the Key |
| 2000 | Dr. Motte and WestBam | Love Parade 2000 |
| 2001 | The Love Committee | You Can't Stop Us |
| 2002 | The Love Committee | Access Peace |
| 2003 | The Love Committee | Love Rules |
| 2006 | WestBam & the Love Committee | United States of Love |
| 2007 | WestBam & the Love Committee | Love Is Everywhere (New Location) |
| 2008 | WestBam & the Love Committee | Highway to Love |
| 2010 | Anthony Rother | The Art of Love |
List of Love Parades
| Year | Location | Motto | Participants | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 | Berlin | Friede, Freude, Eierkuchen | 150 | ||||
| 1990 | Berlin | The Future Is Ours | 2,000 | ||||
| 1991 | Berlin | My House Is Your House And Your House Is Mine | 6,000 | ||||
| 1992 | Berlin | The Spirit Makes You Move | 15,000 | ||||
| 1993 | Berlin | The Worldwide Party People Weekend | 31,000 | ||||
| 1994 | Berlin | Love 2 Love | 110,000 | ||||
| 1995 | Berlin | Peace on Earth | 280,000 | ||||
| 1996 | Berlin | We Are One Family | 750,000 | ||||
| 1997 | Berlin | Let the Sunshine In Your Heart | 1,000,000 | ||||
| 1997 | Sydney | ||||||
| 1998 | Berlin | One World One Future | 800,000 | ||||
| 1999 | Berlin | Music Is The Key | 1,500,000 | ||||
| 2000 | Berlin | One World One Loveparade | 1,300,000 | ||||
| 2000 | Leeds | Radio One - One Love | 1,100,000 | ||||
| 2001 | Berlin | Join The Love Republic | 800,000 | ||||
| 2002 | Berlin | Access Peace | 750,000 | ||||
| 2002 | Mexico City | ||||||
| 2003 | Berlin | Love Rules | 750,000 | ||||
| 2004 | San Francisco | ||||||
| 2005 | San Francisco | ||||||
| 2005 | Santiago | Sal a la calle y baila | 100,000 | ||||
| 2006 | Berlin | The Love is Back | 1,200,000 | ||||
| 2006 | San Francisco (as LoveFest) | ||||||
| 2006 | Santiago | El Baile es de Todos | 200,000 | ||||
| 2007 | Essen | Love is everywhere | 1,200,000 | ||||
| 2007 | Caracas | Live the Love! | 80,000 | ||||
| 2007 | San Francisco | as LoveFest | 89,000 | ||||
| 2008 | Dortmund | Highway to love | 1,600,000 | ||||
| 2008 | Rotterdam | Olympic Edition | 500,000 | ||||
| 2008 | San Francisco | as LoveFest[7] | 120,000 | ||||
| 2008 | Caracas | Keep the Love Alive! | |||||
| 2009 | Bochum (cancelled) | ||||||
| 2009 | San Francisco | as LovEvolution[8] | 150,000 | ||||
| 2010 | Duisburg | The Art of Love | 1,400,000 | ||||
| 2010 | San Francisco | as LovEvolution[9] | |||||
| 2011 | Zagreb |
Note :
The "Participants" figure is the estimate given by the
organizers. Police estimates have been as much as 30% lower. Accurate
counts are not available since entry is free and uncontrolled. The
mayor of Dortmund and the police confirmed the number of participants
in Dortmundref : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Parade
ไม่มีความคิดเห็น:
แสดงความคิดเห็น